content listlengths 1 1 | teacher_response stringlengths 21 4.24k | answer stringclasses 4
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{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Increased Aldosterone leads to all of the following, except:\nChoices:\nA. Hypokalemia\nB. Hypeension\nC. Hypernatremia\nD. Metabolic acidosis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer... | Increased Aldosterone is associated with metabolic alkalosis and not metabolic acidosis. Other findings associated with it includes hypokalemia (potassium excretion), hypernatremia (sodium conservation) and hypeension (characteristically diastolic). Ref: Endocrine Physiology, 3rd Edition, Chapter 6; CURRENT Diagnosis a... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Sensory supply of palatine tonsil is by which cranial nerve?\nChoices:\nA. IXth\nB. Xth\nC. XIth\nD. VIIth\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C... | Sensory fibres or general visceral afferent from the soft palate and tonsil, is by the lesser palatine and glossopharyngeal nerves. Ref: BD Chaurasia's HUMAN ANATOMY, Volume 3, 4th edition.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Kala azar is spread by -\nChoices:\nA. House fly\nB. Black fly\nC. Sand fly\nD. Tse tse fly\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
... | Kala azar or visceral leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease.It is transmited from person to person by bite of female Phlebotomus argentipus.Transmission also occurs by contamination of bite wound or by crushing the insect during act of feeding.it may transmit by blood transfusion also. C/f : fever,splenomegaly,hepatomeg... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The most common complication of varicose vein stripping is:\nChoices:\nA. Infection\nB. Hemorrhage\nC. Ecchymosis\nD. Thromboembolism\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using a... | Complications of varicose vein surgery Recurrence (MC): Incidence of recurrence after surgery in upto 10%. Hematoma or Ecchymosis: MC cause of discomfo after varicose vein surgery Sensory nerve injury Greater saphenous vein should only be stripped to just below the knee to avoid damage to the accompanying saphenous ner... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is a form of:\nChoices:\nA. Tuberculid\nB. Primary tuberculosis\nC. Postprimary tuberculosis with good resistance\nD. Post primary tuberculosis with poor resistance\n</Question>\nAt t... | C i.e. Postprimary tuberculosis with good resistance: Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is postprimary tuberculosis with good resistaneQ.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 60 years old man who underwent phacoemulsification surgery one year back has come with the complaint of blurring of vision in that eye for the past one month. The defective vision was gradual in onset and it wa... | Secondary / after cataract / posterior capsular opacification - Most common post operative complication of cataract surgery - Younger the age faster the occurrence - Slow painless loss of vision following cataract surgery Types 1 . Elshnig's pearls (more common ) 2 . Sommering's ring Treatment is done by ND YAG LASER .... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Macrophages containing large quantities of undigested and partial digested bacteria in the intestine are seen in -\nChoices:\nA. Whipple's disease\nB. Amyloidosis\nC. Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease\... | The hallmark of Whipple’s disease is a small intestinal mucosa laden with distended macrophages in the lamia propria.
The macrophages contain periodic acid– Schiff (PAS) positive granules and small rod shaped bacilli)
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is false regarding conventional immediate dentures (CID)\nChoices:\nA. It is intended as definitive or long term prosthesis\nB. Generally indicated when only anterior teeth are present\nC. ... | As conventional immediate denture is intended as definitive prosthesis, esthetics once achieved cannot be altered. There is no second set where changes can be made.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 65-year-old male develops the sudden onset of severe knee pain. The knee is red, swollen, and tender. He has a history of diabetes mellitus and cardiomyopathy. An x-ray of the knee shows linear calcification. D... | (Braunwald, 15/e, pp 1995-1996.)The acute mono- aicular ahritis in association with linear calcification of the cailage of the knee suggests the diagnosis of pseudogout, also called calcium pyro-phosphate dihydrate deposition disease. The disease resembles gout. Positive birefringent crystals (looking blue when paralle... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Perinatal moality is expressed in terms of ?\nChoices:\nA. Deaths/1000 total bihs\nB. Deaths/1000 live bihs\nC. Deaths/10000 total bihs\nD. Deaths/10000 live bihs\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Deaths/1000 live bihs
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Most dangerous sign in LRT1 in children is:\nChoices:\nA. Abdominal breathing\nB. Chest retraction\nC. Grunting\nD. Tachypnea\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upperc... | Grunting
Grunting is an expiratory sound made by infants as they exhale against a closed glottis.
It is an attempt to increase functional residual capacity and lung volume.
This is done in order to raise functional residual capacity above the critical closing volume and to avoid alveolar collapse.
This physical findin... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Piles occurs at-\nChoices:\nA. Superior rectal vein\nB. Inferior rectal vein\nC. Superior Hemorrhoidal aery\nD. None\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase lette... | Answer- A. Superior rectal veinInternal hemorrhoids in association with superior rectal vessels are located at 3, 7 and 11 O'clock positions corresponding to left, right posterior and right anterior branches of these vessels.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A male patient had blunt rauma to left side abdomen. How would you assess for the kidney injury if patient is hemodynamically stable\nChoices:\nA. USG\nB. CT scan\nC. X-ray\nD. MRI\n</Question>\nAt the end presen... | Answer- B. CT scanStable patientComputed tomography has replaced intravenous urography as the primary modality for the assessment of suspected renal injuries. The investigation of choice is the multiphase, double - or triple-contrast CT scan, but this can misgrade the renal injury.More commonly, however, it does allow ... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A patient present to emergency with pinpoint pupil, salivation, lacrimation, tremors and red tears. Plasma cholinesterase level was 30% of normal . Most probable diagnosis is\nChoices:\nA. Organophosphate poisoni... | Refer katzung 12e p110 These are characteristic feature of anticholinesterase(organophosphorous and carbamates) poisoning features of organophosphate poisoning muscarinic symptoms: pinpoint pupil, salivation, lacrimation ,urination,defecation,gastrointestinal distress, vomiting, bronchospasm, bradycardia nicotinic symp... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>False about wound healing -\nChoices:\nA. Inhibited by infection\nB. Inhibited by DM\nC. Inhibited by hematoma\nD. Inhibited by foreign body\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> ... | factors influencing wound healing infection delays wound healing foreign body delays wound healing DM - delayed healing due to microangiopathy inadequate blood supply to the area of wound delays healing hormones like glucocoicoids inhibit collagen synthesis impairs wound healing And is not inhibited by haematoma Robbin... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>About Hepatitis A vaccine schedule, true are all of the following EXCEPT?\nChoices:\nA. Recommended at age of 12 months\nB. 2 dose of killed vaccine 6 months apa\nC. 1 dose of live vaccine\nD. Recommended only in... | As per IAP, dose of Hepatitis A vaccine is: - Inactivated vaccine - given in child >1yr of age - 2 doses; 6 months apa - Live attenuated vaccine - given in child >1yr of age - 1 dose of H2 strain - IAP recommends Hep-A vaccination to all children
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Contractile Dysfunction is the dominant feature of which of the following types of cardiomyopathies\nChoices:\nA. Dilated cardiomyopathy\nB. Restrictive cardiomyopathy\nC. Hyperophic cardiomyopathy\nD. Infiltrati... | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1556 An enlarged left ventricle with decreased systolic function as mea- sured by left ventricular ejection fraction characterizes dilated car- diomyopathy ). Systolic failure is more marked than diastolic dysfunction. Although the syndrome of dilated cardiomyopathy has multiple etiologies, the... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True about MRI are all except -\nChoices:\nA. Not helpful in breast implant\nB. Not good for calcified lesions\nC. No radiation exposure\nD. Contraindicated in cardiac pacemaker\n</Question>\nAt the end present y... | option A is false regarding MR, explanation : MRI is considered most sensitive to detect implant rupture.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which is the commonest cause of occular morbidity in the community\nChoices:\nA. Cataract\nB. Refractive error\nC. Occular injury\nD. Vitamin A deficiency\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> ... | B i.e. Refractory Error
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Pulmonary infarction occurs with all except-\nChoices:\nA. Saddle embolus at bifurcation\nB. Blockage of 2nd and 3rd gen end aeries\nC. Aerioles are blocked\nD. None\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer i... | Ref:Textbook of pathology ( Harsh Mohan) 6th edition, page no.127 Embolism of the pulmonary aeries may produce pulmonary infarction, though not always. This is because lungs receive blood supply from bronchial aeries as well, and thus occlusion of pulmonary aery ordinarily does not produce infarcts. However, it may occ... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>After radiation-induced injury cataract is seen in which pa of lens\nChoices:\nA. Anterior coical\nB. Posterior coical\nC. Subcapsular\nD. Nucleus\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </an... | Subcapsular pa of the lens is relatively radiosensitive, andcataract formation has long been documented as a major ocular complication associated with exposure to ionizingradiation Ref ganong's review of medical physiology 25e p761
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Clinical features of pyloric stenosis in infants are all, EXCEPT:\nChoices:\nA. Abdominal lump\nB. Constipation\nC. Weight Loss\nD. Metabolic acidosis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and ... | Metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis is seen in hyperophic pyloric stenosis due to loss of hydrogen ions in repeated vomiting. Ref: Schwaz 9/e, Page 1426 ; Maingot's 10/e, Page 2067.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Master cone is\nChoices:\nA. First instrument using taking working length\nB. Used by master of staff\nC. Fully snug fit with accurate working length\nD. Last fill to fit loosely\n</Question>\nAt the end present ... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>New indication of tolvaptan as approved by FDA recently\nChoices:\nA. Phenylketonuria\nB. Pancreatic tumours\nC. Polycystic ovarian disease\nD. Polycystic kidney disease\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answ... | Tolvaptan is a vasopressin antagonist used for SIADH Now approved for PCKD Ref : HH Sharma 3rd ed.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Malignant pustules occurs in:\nChoices:\nA. Anthrax infection\nB. Epithelioma\nC. Melanoma\nD. Tetanus\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or... | Pulmonary anthrax (wool-sorters’ disease):
Occurs due to inhalation of spores of B. anthracis in infectious aerosols results in rapid development of malignant pustule in the bronchus.
This is followed by development of primary extensive necrotising pneumonia and haemorrhagic mediastinitis which is invariably fatal.
Mo... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Increased fetal hemoglobin is seen in -\nChoices:\nA. Juvenile CML\nB. Congenital red cell aplasia\nC. Hereditary spherocytosis\nD. AML\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Juvenile CML
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Management of rhinolith:\nChoices:\nA. Medical\nB. Surgical\nC. No treatment required\nD. Symptomatic treatment only\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase lette... | Ans: b (Surgical) Ref:Dhingra, 3rd ed, p. 200; 4th ed, p. 153Small rhinoliths are removed through anterior nares under GA (they are broken into small pieces before removal)Large rhinoliths are removed by lateral rhinotomyRhinolithStone formation in nasal cavity due to deposits of Ca2+ /Mg2+C/FO/EU/L nasal obstruction a... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Inferior rib notching is seen in\nChoices:\nA. Coarctation of aoa\nB. Rickets\nC. ASD\nD. Multiple myeloma\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C... | A i.e. Coarctation of aoa Inferior rib notching in coarctation of aoa is d/t pressure erosion of intercostal aeriesQ It usually takes several years to develop, so is unusual before 10 years of age.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Carcinoma in situ of skin is called as:\nChoices:\nA. Cowden syndrome.\nB. Bowen disease.\nC. Both\nD. None\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, ... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A child is brought to the pediatric OPD with high grade fever of 24 hours duration. History reveals 3 episodes of chest infection and passage of foul smelling stools. The most probable diagnosis is:\nChoices:\nA.... | High grade fever and recurrent chest infection along with passage of foul smelling stools (steatorrhea) suggests a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. In cystic fibrosis because of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, foul smelling stool (steatorrhea) is common. Cystic fibrosis: Autosomal recessive disease Mutation in cystic f... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The clinical diagnosis of threatened aboion is presumed when a bloody vaginal discharge appears through a closed cervical os during:\nChoices:\nA. First half of pregnancy\nB. Second half of pregnancy\nC. Third tr... | A;First half of pregnancy
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Glucose intolerance is caused by the deficiency of?\nChoices:\nA. Selenium\nB. Magnesium\nC. Chromium\nD. Zinc\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, ... | Chromium acts as a cofactor for insulin at insulin receptors and dietary deficiency of chromium would thus lead to impaired glucose tolerance.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Facial edema, cheilitis granulomatosa and a fissured tongue characterize which of the following syndromes?\nChoices:\nA. Frey's syndrome\nB. Melkerson-Rosenthal syndrome\nC. Treacher Collins syndrome\nD. None of ... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of the following statements about vagus nerve are true except that it\nChoices:\nA. Supplies heart and lung\nB. Caries postganglionic parasympathetic fibers\nC. Innervates right two third of transverse colon\... | Parasympathetic general visceral efferent out flow of vagus is through preganglionic fibers, as postganglionic neurons related to vagus are located in thoracic and abdominal autonomic plexus, close to or, within, the viscera supplied. It supplies
Gastrointestinal tract from pharynx to the junction of the right 2/3rd an... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The hard carious dentin is removed with\nChoices:\nA. Excavator\nB. Bur at Low speed\nC. Bur at high speed\nD. None of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upp... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True about ARDS are all except: March 2010\nChoices:\nA. Moality rates ranges between 40 to 65%\nB. Pneumonia is commonly associated with it\nC. Recovery in terms of lung functions is poor in ARDS survivors\nD. A... | Ans. C: Recovery in terms of lung functions is poor in ARDS survivors Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by the development of sudden and severe breathlessness, hypoxemia and diffuse pulmonary infiltrate. Clinical Conditions Associated with Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Dir... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Dietary cycle is weighing of raw foods over a period of\nChoices:\nA. 1 day\nB. 3 days\nC. 7 days\nD. 10 days\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Margins of squamous cells carcinoma is -\nChoices:\nA. Inverted\nB. Everted\nC. Rolled\nD. Undermined\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or ... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Quincke's sign in aortic regurgitation refers to\nChoices:\nA. Pulsation of uvula in time with heart beat\nB. Prominent retinal artery pulsation\nC. Capillary nail bed pulsation\nD. Pulsating liver in time with... | Sign
Presentation
Becker's sign
Prominent retinal artery pulsation
Corrigan's sign
Prominent carotid pulsation
De Musset's sign
Head nodding in time with the heart beat
Duroziez's sign
Systolic and diastolic murmurs heard over the femoral artery while partially compressing the vessel with the diaphragm of th... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Precocious puberty and patchy skin pigmentation is known to occur in:\nChoices:\nA. McCune Albright syndrome\nB. Litter Siwe disease\nC. Asherman's syndrome\nD. Morquio's syndrome\n</Question>\nAt the end present... | Ans. A. McCune Albright SyndromeMcCune-Albright Syndrome is characterized by Precocious Puberty with Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia and Abnormal Pigmentation. This syndrome of endocrine dysfunction is associated with patchy cutaneous pigmentation and fibrous dysplasia of the skeletal system. A classical cause of periphe... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Organ of corti is situated in\nChoices:\nA. Basilar membrane\nB. Utricle\nC. Saccule\nD. None of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C... | Basilar membrane which support the organ of corti.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Asteriolar dilators used in treatment of CHF include\nChoices:\nA. Hydralazine\nB. Nifedipine\nC. Prazosin\nD. All the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upperca... | Ref-KDT 6/e p540 Vasodilator therapy is useful adjunctive therapy in the management of both acute and chronic hea failure. Aeriolar dilators, such as hydralazine, increase cardiac output by decreasing the elevated peripheral vascular resistance that occurs in hea failure. Venodilators, such as nitrates, decrease ventri... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was isolated from 7 patients in a 14-bed intensive care unit. All patients were isolated and the unit closed to any more admissions. Which one of the following reasons best ... | Oxacillin- and methicillinresistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been rapidly increasing in incidence. MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) coexist in heterologous populations. Treatment of a patient harboring this heterologous population may provide a selective environment for the MRSA. Prior to changing therapy, t... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Drugs used for Prophylaxis of migraine include the following except?\nChoices:\nA. Sumitriptan\nB. Valproate\nC. Serotonergic drugs\nD. TCAs\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> ... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Triple sugar iron agar showing gas production with red slant and yellow butt. The organism cultured is ?\nChoices:\nA. E coli\nB. Shigella flexneri\nC. Pseudomonas\nD. None\n</Question>\nAt the end present your a... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Shigella flexneri
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>8 Year old boy presented with swelling on both\nsides of the face, below the ears of 4 days duration.\nIt first started on the left side and then 3 days later on the right side\n\nCause for the disease will be\nC... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A child who bleeds from gums and has swollen knee-probably due to-\nChoices:\nA. Hemophilia\nB. ITP\nC. Scurvy\nD. Trauma\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase ... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hemophilia
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Vitamin B12 is mainly absorbed from?\nChoices:\nA. Duodenum\nB. Jejunum\nC. Ileum\nD. Colon\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
... | ANSWER: (C) IleumREF: Ganong, 22nd edition, p471Bile salts and vitamin B12 are mainly absorbed by ileumIron and vitamins (other than B12) are absorbed mainly from proximal small intestine (duodenum and jejunum)Maximum fat absorption- JejunumLong chain fatty acid absorption- Duodenum+ JejunumShort chain fatty acid- Colo... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 40 years old female is came in the depament by describing \"1 have worst headache of my life\". The investigation of choice for this patient\nChoices:\nA. Four vessels carotid angiography\nB. Computed tomograph... | Answer- B. Computed tomography (CT)It is a case of "acute subarachnoid hemorrhage".The explosive onset of severe, excruciating headache is a common feature of subarachnoid haemonhage (SAH).Diagnosis of Subarachnoid hemorrhageThe hallmark of aneurysmal rupture is blood in the cerebrospinalfluid.More than 95% cases have ... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Signs of placental separation are all except\nChoices:\nA. Gush of blood pervaginally\nB. Apparent shortening of cord\nC. Supra pubic bulge\nD. Slight increase in height of uterus\n</Question>\nAt the end present... | There is apparent lengthening of cord with placental separation.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Layers in non keratinized epithelium are:\nChoices:\nA. Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum.\nB. Stratum basale, stratum intermedium, stratum superficiale.\nC. Stratum basale, st... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>ORS required during first 4 hours in a 20 kg child -\nChoices:\nA. 200-400 ml\nB. 400-600 ml\nC. 600-800 ml\nD. 1200-2200 ml\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upperca... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Use of one of the following vaccination is absolutely contra indicated in pregnancy -\nChoices:\nA. Hepatitis - B\nB. Cholera\nC. Rabies\nD. Yellow fever\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> a... | .people who should not be vaccinated for yellow fever includes, children aged under 9 months pregnant women people with severe allergies to egg protein. people with severe immunodeficiency caused by symptomatic HIV/AIDS or other causes or in the presence of thymus disorder. ref:park&;s textbook,ed22,pg no 258
<answer>(... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Health indicator characteristics include all except:-\nChoices:\nA. Validity\nB. Reliability\nC. Affordability\nD. Feasibility\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upper... | Characteristics of ideal health indicator : Validity: actually measures what it is supposed to measure Reliability: Reproducible results if measured by different persons Objectivity: Independent of subjects perception Sensitivity: Sensitive to change in situations Specificity: Reflect changes only in the situations con... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Macrosomia is a\nChoices:\nA. Large size baby\nB. Big mouth\nC. Large head\nD. Large tongue\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
... | Macrosomia:- A condition where a baby is large before bihFactors causing macrosomia:Mother having diabetesMother having gestational diabetesObese mother(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 777, 897 - 899)
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Phytobezoars are composed of -\nChoices:\nA. Hair\nB. Vegetable Matter\nC. Undigested food\nD. Desquamated epithelial cells\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercas... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Vegetable Matter Bezoarso Bezoars are concretions of indigestible matter that accumulate in the stomach.Two typeso Trichobezoars, composed of hair, occur most commonly in young women who swallow their hairo Phytobezoars are composed of vegetable matter and, are usually seen in association with gastrop... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Testicular feminisation syndrome is associated with :\nChoices:\nA. 46 XX\nB. Presence of vagina\nC. Primary amenorrhea\nD. Sho stature\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using... | Primary amenorrhea
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Select inappropriate statement regarding Cholera\nChoices:\nA. Incubation period 1-2 days\nB. Rice - watery diarrhoea\nC. Azithromycin is treatment of choice in adults\nD. It is a notifiable disease locally, nati... | Cholera: - Caused by Vibrio cholera - ELTOR - MC subtype in India now. - Route of transmission - FECO-ORAL ROUTE - I.P - 1-2 days - Clinical feature: Rice-watery diarrhea - It is a notifiable disease locally, nationally and internationally. Groups Antibiotic of choice for cholera Adults Doxycycline Children Azithromyci... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Frequency of Beta waves\nChoices:\nA. 5-10 Hz\nB. 10-15 Hz\nC. 13-30 Hz\nD. None\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"role": "us... | When attention is focused on something, the alpha rhythm is replaced by an irregular 13-30 Hz low-voltage activity, the beta rhythm(Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, Twenty-Third Edition)
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Female newborn presents with vaginal bleeding , 4 days after bih, what is to be done?\nChoices:\nA. Wait and watch\nB. Clotting Factor deficiency to be ruled out\nC. Bleeding time to be done\nD. Blood transfusion... | Clotting factors deficiency may be reason for the bleeding in New Born . Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of the following nail changes are associated with psoriasis, EXCEPT:\nChoices:\nA. Pitting\nB. Onycholysis\nC. Pterygium formation\nD. Subungual hyperkeratosis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in ... | Pterygium formation is seen in severe cases of lichen planus. Nail changes in Psoriasis includes: Pitting: It is the most frequent change. Subungual hyperkeratosis Onycholysis Thickening and yellowish discoloration of nail plate Oil spots 10% of patients with Lichen planus have nail changes. Thinning of nail plate alon... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is omega 6 fatty acid\nChoices:\nA. α - Linolenic acid\nB. γ - Linolenic acid\nC. Timnodonic acid\nD. Cervonic acid\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> us... | Omega 6 fatty acids
Linoleic acid
γ Linolenic acid
Arachidonic acid.
Omega 3 fatty acids
α - linolenic acid
Timnodonic acid (Eicosapentaenoic acid)
Cervonic acid (Decosahexaenoic acid)
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 74-year-old woman has a 10-year history of intermittent lower abdominal pain. The pain has been colicky in nature and is associated with a feeling of distension in the left iliac fossa. It is generally relieved... | This is a case of colonic diveiculosis. Barium-filled out-pouching's are seen in both single and double contrast study, there are no signs of colonic masses or luminal narrowing and no abnormal mucosal thickening could be seen. HPE image shows inflamed diveiculum with the diveicular wall made up only of mucosa. They ar... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of the following arteries are common sites of occlusion by a except -\nChoices:\nA. Left anterior descending\nB. Right coronary artery\nC. Circumflex coronary artery\nD. Marginal artery\n</Question>\nAt the e... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The plateau phase of Myocardial action potential is due to:\nChoices:\nA. Eflux of Na+\nB. Influx of Ca++\nC. Influx of K+\nD. Closure of voltage gated K+ channels\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in ... | Influx of Ca++
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Onion skin lesion in vessels is seen in ?\nChoices:\nA. Malignant hypeension\nB. Benign hypeension\nC. Peripheral vascular disease\nD. None\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> u... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Malignant hypeensionIn malignant hypeension, there is concentric laminated thickening of aeriolar wall, onion skinning.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>About respiratory failure, the following is false:\nChoices:\nA. Type III failure involves post-operative atelectasis\nB. Type II failure doesn’t have fall in paO2 (hypoxia)\nC. Type I failure involves hypoxia (p... | Type I or Hypoxemic respiratory failure is characterized by PaO2 <60 mm Hg with a normal or low arterial carbon dioxide tension.
Causes:- Pneumonia, ARDS, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema
Type II or Hypercapnic respiratory failure is characterized by a PaCO2 >50 mm Hg. May be associated with hypoxemia.
Causes:... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>ECT in depressive phase of MDP (bipolar disorder) is useful because it:\nChoices:\nA. Produces recurrence\nB. Reduces recurrence\nC. Shoens duration\nD. Increases drug effects\n</Question>\nAt the end present you... | ECT shoens the duration of depressive episode. It does not prevent the recurrence unless given as a maintenance treatment.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The reaction between antibody and soluble antigen is demonstrated by -\nChoices:\nA. Agglutination\nB. Precipitation\nC. Complement fixation test\nD. Hemagglutination test\n</Question>\nAt the end present your an... | When a soluble antigen companies with its antibody in the presence of electrolyte at a suitable temp & pH the antigen-antibody complex forms an insoluble precipitate. Ref: Ananthanarayan & Parker's textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg:105
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In the abdomen, aneurysms of the .... commonly occur next only to the aoa ....\nChoices:\nA. Internal iliac aery\nB. External iliac aery\nC. Splenic aery\nD. Inferior mesentric aery\n</Question>\nAt the end prese... | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Splenic aery
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Child with mild squint. Intrauterine, bih history, developmental history till date all normal. Corneal reflex normal. All other eye parameters normal except exaggerated epicanthal fold. Diagnosis ?\nChoices:\nA. ... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pseudostrabismus Epicantnic fold causes Pseudoesotropia (Pseudostrabismus).
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Bacteria with a tuft of flagellae at one end are called -\nChoices:\nA. Monotrichate\nB. Peritrichate\nC. Bipolar\nD. Lophotrichate\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an ... | Flagella They are long unbranched sinuous filaments which are organs of locomotion . Each flagellum consist of 3 distinct pa the filament the hook and the basal body.The filament is external to the cell and connected to the hook at the cell surface . Structure: The Hook-Basal body poion is embedded in the cell envelope... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Night blindness may be associated with: March 2004\nChoices:\nA. Vitamin A deficiency\nB. Cirrhosis of liver\nC. Malingering\nD. All of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </ans... | Ans. D i.e. All of the above
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Manifestations of aoic dissection are -\nChoices:\nA. Pericardial effusion\nB. AR\nC. MR\nD. AMI\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",... | The peak incidence of aoic dissection is in the sixth and seventh decades. Men are more affected than women by a ratio of 2:1. The presentations of aoic dissection and its variants are the consequences of intimal tear, dissecting hematoma, occlusion of involved aeries, and compression of adjacent tissues.Acute aoic dis... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>EEG pattern of person at rest with eyes closed\nChoices:\nA. Alpha\nB. Beta\nC. Gamma\nD. Delta\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
... | Ans, is 'a' i.e., Alpha Beta (b) waveAlpha (a) waveTheta waveDelta waveRecorded fronry'seen ino From parietal & frontal region during specific activation of these parts of braino Seen in drowsiness & children and patients awake, at rest with eyes open.o Recorded from parieto occipital regiono Seen in almost all normal ... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Rate of involution of uterus is: March 2011\nChoices:\nA. 0.75 cm per day\nB. 1 cm per day\nC. 1.25 cm per day\nD. 1.5 cm per day\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an up... | Ans. C: 1.25 cm per day During the first 24 hours after delivery, the level of the uterus remains constant; thereafter there is a steady decrease in height by 1.25 cm (half inch) in 24 hours, so that by the end of 2^d week, the uterus becomes a pelvic organ Remember: Puerperium period: 6 weeks after delivery Involution... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Hangman fracture is\nChoices:\nA. Sublucation of C5 over C6\nB. Fracture dislocation of C2\nC. Fracture dislocation of ankle joint\nD. Fracture of odontoid\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer>... | Hangman fracture - through pedicle and lamina of C2 veebra / Spondylolisthesis of C2 over C3Jefferson's fracture - through body of C1 veebraClay Shoveler fracture - Avulsion spinous process of T1 > C7 veebra(Refer: Mohindra's Fundamentals of Ohopedics, 2nd edition, pg no. 222)
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction hot spot is seen with –\nChoices:\nA. Thallium 201 scan\nB. Tc 99 scan\nC. Strontium 90 scan\nD. L 127 scan\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Spontaneous release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction produces\nChoices:\nA. Miniature end-plate potential\nB. Action potential\nC. Post-tetanic potential\nD. Resting membrane potential\n</Question>\... | Spontaneous release of acetylcholine in small amounts normally happens in synapses. This can result in miniature end plate potential.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True about ALL –\nChoices:\nA. Anemia\nB. Leukopenia\nC. Hepatomegaly\nD. All of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"... | Clinical manifestations of ALL
Symptoms related to depression of normal marrow function.
An accumulation of neoplastic blast cells in the bone marrow suppresses normal hematopoiesis by physical crowding and competition for growth factors.
This results in : -
Anemia → Fatigue, pallor
Neutropenia→Infection, fever
Thro... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Cutting efficiency is best with which of the following materials?\nChoices:\nA. Carbide\nB. Stainless steel\nC. Carbon steel\nD. Cobalt-chromium alloys\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and... | Hand instrument are made of stainless steel, carbon steel, or blades of tungsten carbide soldered to a steel handle. Carbon steel is able to keep a cutting edge better than stainless steel.
Carbide blades, however, are the most efficient in cutting, even though they are somewhat brittle.
Ref: Operative dentistry modern... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The concentration of sodium ion is least in the -\nChoices:\nA. Small intestinal juice\nB. Bile\nC. Gastric juice\nD. Pancreatic juice\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using ... | primary gastric juice contains Na+ in a concentration of 3-5 mEq/l makes it possible that the secreted volume originates from some sodium-containing compament Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 365
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Anterograde amnesia is seen in:\nChoices:\nA. Head injury\nB. StrokeSpinal cord injury (Traumatic paraplegia)\nC. Alzheimer's disease\nD. All\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer>... | A i.e. Head injury Anterograde amnesia i.e. the inability to register or learn new information (and therefore to form new memories from a specific event onward) typically follows head trauma, states of cerebral physiological imbalance or drug effectsfQ.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Incubation period of pertusis is-\nChoices:\nA. 1-7 days\nB. 7-14 days\nC. 15-28 days\nD. More than 28 days\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, ... | Ans. is 'b' 7-14 days [Ref :Park 20/e, p 149 (18/e, p136, 17/e, p130, 16/e,p129))* The I.P.'s of some more diseases which are often asked in various P.G. entrance examinations are :Incubation period of Pertussis = 7-14 days*Incubation period of Diptheria = 2-6 days*Incubation period of Mumps = 2-3 wks usually 18 days*I... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Following will cause CNS-vasculitis except ?\nChoices:\nA. SLE\nB. Whipples disease\nC. Granulomatous vasculitis\nD. PAN\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase l... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Whipples disease CNS Vasculitis is vasculitis involving the vessels of brain and occasionally the spinal cord. Causes of CNS vasculitis Primary angitis of CNS (PACNS) o If there is no underlying cause. o Also known as granulomatous angitis of nervous system. Secondary o When CNS vasculitis is due to s... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the drug is not required in the treatment of cysticercosis?\nChoices:\nA. Albendazole\nB. Praziquantel\nC. Levetiracetam\nD. Ketoconazole\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </an... | Praziquantel and albendazole are anti helminthic drugs.For symptomatic cerebral cysticercosis ,praziquantel in a dose of 50 mg /kg in three divided doses for 20 -30 days and albendazole in a dose of 400 mg twice daily for 30 days may be administered. In addition antiepileptic drugs should be given until the reaction of... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>According to MTP Act, 2 doctor's opinion is required when pregnancy is :\nChoices:\nA. 10 weeks\nB. 6 weeks\nC. > 12 weeks\nD. > 20 weeks\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usi... | Ans. is c i.e. > 12 weeks Medical termination of Pregnancy act passed in 1971deg is an impoant topic. Many questions are asked on this topic. I am giving MTP Act in detail - Do go through it. THE MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY ACT, 1971 In India. the MTP act was passed in August 1971 and came into effect from April 1... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Flag hair sign is seen in\nChoices:\nA. Kwashiorkor\nB. Marasmus\nC. Scurvy\nD. Pellagra\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"ro... | Ans. (a) KwashiorkorRef: Nelson's Pedia, 19th ed. Ch 670# kwashiorkorDisease due to decreased protein and caloric intake.Clinical Features are:# Hypoalbuminemia which leads to pedal edema# Hepatomegaly- Hallmark feature of kwashiorkor# Skin: Sun-exposed skin is relatively spared, as are the feet and dorsal aspects of t... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Drug used in treatment of peripheral vascular disease which acts by increasing flexibility of RBC membrane and increasing micro circulation?\nChoices:\nA. Cyclandelate\nB. Xanhinol nicotinate\nC. Pentoxiphylline\... | Ans. is'c' i.e., Pentoxifylline(Ref: KDT Vh/e p. 555)Pentoxifylline (Oxpentifflline)An analogue of theophylline and a weak phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, it has been shown to increase blood flow in ischaemic areas by reducing whole blood viscosity and by improving flexibility of RBCs.Pentoxifylline is mainly used i... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>If the patient’s head suddenly falls backward while the patient is supine, the back may assume the position known as postural extension; the legs and arms straighten out, and the neck and back arch. This reflex i... | Asymmetric tonic neck reflex: If the patient’s head is suddenly turned to one side, the arm and leg on the side to which the face is turned extend and stiffen. The limbs on the opposite side flex.
Tonic labyrinthine reflex:. If the patient’s head suddenly falls backward while the patient is supine, the back may assume ... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Sweaty feet odor is seen in\nChoices:\nA. Maple syrup urine disease\nB. Gauchers disease\nC. Isovaleric acidemia\nD. Phenylketonuria\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an... | Sweaty feat odor - Isovaleric AcidemiaSmoky sweat - MSUDMousy or Musty - PhenylketonuriaBoiled cabbage - TyrosinemiaIn alkaptonuria - urine becomes darkish brown when exposed to air while purplish brown in porphyria(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 651)
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Predominantly osteoblastic metastasis is seen in ?\nChoices:\nA. Renal cell carcinoma\nB. Prostate carcinoma\nC. Breast carcinoma\nD. Thyroid carcinoma\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and... | Bone Metastasis Purely osteolytic Mostly osteolytic Mostly osteoblastic Purely osteoblastic Kidney (expansile) Thyroid Lung GI tumors Breast Seminoma Carcinoid Neurogenic tumors Uterus and ovary Urinary Bladder Prostate
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True about acute pancreatitis -\nChoices:\nA. Alcohol is the MC cause\nB. 20-25% needs surgical treatment\nC. CECT is preferred over USG in diagnosis\nD. Serum Amylase is diagnostic\n</Question>\nAt the end prese... | Ans. is 'c' i.e. CECT is preferred over USG in diagnosis Gall stones are the most common cause, alcohol being IInd most common. Ultrasound is often the first imaging investigation but CT is the best imaging investigation. Serum amylase is the most widely used laboratory test because of its simplicity. It lacks the spec... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>After how many days of ovulation embryo implantation occurs?\nChoices:\nA. 3-5 days\nB. 7-9 days\nC. 10-12 days\nD. 13-15 days\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upper... | Ans-B i.e. 7-9 days Shaws states "Implantations occurs about 6th day after fertilization or approximately 20th day of a regular menstrual cycle " Guyton states (10th/e, p 945)"After reaching the uterus, the developing blastocyst usually remains in the uterine cavity for an additional 1-3 days before it implants in the ... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Sanitation barrier' implies -\nChoices:\nA. Segregation of faeces\nB. Personal hygiene\nC. Elemination of flies\nD. Water pollution\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an ... | The disease cycle can be broken by segregation of faeces,protection of water suplies,protection of foods,personal hygiene,and control of flies.Of these most effective is to segregate faecesand arrange for its proper disposal,so that disease cannot reach new host. Segregation of excreta is embloyed by imposing a "sanita... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Treatment of choice in intractable ulcerative colitis ;\nChoices:\nA. Mucosal proctectomy - Ileoanal pouch anastomosis\nB. Proctectomy\nC. Colectomy with ileostomy\nD. Ileorectal anastomosis\n</Question>\nAt the ... | Indications for surgery in ulcerative colitis Intractable disease Fulminant disease Toxic megacolon Colonic perforation Massive colonic hemorrhage Extracolonic disease Colonic obstruction Colon cancer prophylaxis Colon dysplasia or cancer
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Hand cutting instruments are composed of\nChoices:\nA. Handle and blade\nB. Handle, shank and blade\nC. Shank and blade\nD. Handle, shank and head\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </an... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 2-year-old boy presents with history of recurrent seizures and developmental delay. On examination he is found to have multiple hypopigmented macules over the back. The most probable diagnosis of this child is:... | Ans. B. Tuberous sclerosisThere are 5 neurocutaneous syndromes well known and tuberous sclerosis is one of them. All these conditions have certain cutaneous as well as CNS manifestations as the name itself implies. Common neurocutaneous syndromes include: Neurofibromatosis, Tuberous sclerosis, Von-Hippel Landau disease... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Temporary carrier of typhoid is infective for: -\nChoices:\nA. < 3 weeks\nB. 3 weeks-3 months\nC. 3 months- 1 year\nD. >1 year\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upper... | Temporary carrier of typhoid is infective for 3 months- 1 year. Option 1, 2, 3, 4 Carriage:Up to 5% of untreated patients become carriers. Vi antibody if persists, indicates the development of the carrier state. 1. Carriers of are of two types: Fecal carriers (more common): Multiply in the gallbladder and are excreted ... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Fever & hemorrhagic rash are seen in ail except:\nChoices:\nA. Dengu fever\nB. Lassa fever\nC. Rift Valley fever\nD. Sand fly fever\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an ... | Ans: D (Sand,.) [Ref: Ananthanarayan 8th/514.518-19; Harrison 18th/l50,1629; Medical microbiology by Greenwood 16 th /4961The viral HF syndrome is a constellation of findings based on vascular instability and decreased vascular integrity. An assault, direct or indirect, on the microvasculature leads to increased permea... | D |
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