{
  "dataset_name": "JAN Workplace Accommodation Data",
  "description": "Workplace accommodation cost, effectiveness, and benefit data from the Job Accommodation Network (JAN) employer survey, covering accommodations made between 2019-2024. JAN is funded by the U.S. Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment Policy.",
  "accommodation_costs": {
    "cost_respondents": 1425,
    "cost_respondent_pct_of_total": 26,
    "cost_distribution": [
      {
        "category": "No cost ($0)",
        "count": 872,
        "percent": 61,
        "examples": "Modifying work schedule, changing company policy"
      },
      {
        "category": "One-time expense",
        "count": 466,
        "percent": 33,
        "median_cost_usd": 300,
        "examples": "Screen-reading software, automatic door opener"
      },
      {
        "category": "Ongoing annual cost",
        "count": 87,
        "percent": 6,
        "median_annual_cost_usd": 2400,
        "examples": "Sign language interpreter during meetings"
      }
    ]
  },
  "employer_context": {
    "pct_contacting_for_retention": 56,
    "average_employee_tenure": "five years and eight months",
    "median_hourly_wage_usd": 18.88,
    "median_annual_salary_usd": 65225,
    "pct_employees_with_college_degree_or_higher": 65
  },
  "effectiveness": {
    "respondents": 2069,
    "ratings": [
      {
        "rating": "Very effective or extremely effective",
        "percent": 66
      },
      {
        "rating": "Somewhat effective",
        "percent": 22
      },
      {
        "rating": "Ineffective",
        "percent": 12
      }
    ],
    "total_effective_pct": 88
  },
  "benefits": {
    "direct_benefits": [
      {
        "benefit": "Increased employee retention",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 85
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Increased employee productivity",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 52
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Eliminated costs of training new employee",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 48
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Increased employee attendance",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 47
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Saved workers' compensation/insurance costs",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 24
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Hiring of a qualified person with a disability",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 18
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Promotion of an employee",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 8
      }
    ],
    "indirect_benefits": [
      {
        "benefit": "Improved interactions with coworkers",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 35
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Increased overall company safety",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 30
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Increased overall company morale",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 29
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Increased overall company productivity",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 21
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Improved interactions with customers",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 21
      },
      {
        "benefit": "Increased overall company attendance",
        "pct_employers_reporting": 19
      }
    ]
  },
  "accommodation_types": {
    "description": "JAN covers accommodations across disability categories. The SOAR database contains 700+ real-life accommodation examples searchable by disability, limitation, or occupation.",
    "soar_database_url": "https://askjan.org/soar.cfm",
    "most_popular_accommodation_searches": [
      "Limitations",
      "Work Related Functions",
      "Disabilities",
      "Other",
      "Accommodation",
      "ADA",
      "Addiction",
      "ADHD",
      "Aging",
      "Air Quality/Irritants",
      "Anxiety",
      "Back Impairment",
      "Body Odor",
      "Cancer",
      "Commute",
      "Cumulative Trauma Conditions",
      "Decreased Stamina/Fatigue",
      "Depression",
      "Diabetes",
      "Fibromyalgia",
      "Handling/Fingering",
      "Headache",
      "Learning",
      "Learning Disability",
      "Leave",
      "Lifting",
      "Mental Health Conditions",
      "Multiple Sclerosis",
      "Non-compliant Behavior",
      "Pain",
      "Parking",
      "PTSD",
      "Reading",
      "Stress",
      "Stress Intolerance",
      "Telework",
      "Temperature Sensitivity"
    ],
    "example_accommodations": [
      {
        "situation": "Counselor who was a veteran with PTSD needed to use a service dog at work",
        "solution": "Employer allowed service dog with separate area during counseling sessions",
        "disability_type": "PTSD / Mental Health"
      },
      {
        "situation": "Social worker with Type 2 diabetes experiencing vision loss requested reduced workload",
        "solution": "Stand-magnification equipment for print and screen-magnification software for computer",
        "disability_type": "Diabetes / Vision Loss"
      },
      {
        "situation": "Electrician with severe depression needed to attend periodic licensure trainings",
        "solution": "Remote CART service for note-taking during training sessions",
        "disability_type": "Depression / Mental Health"
      }
    ],
    "common_accommodation_categories": [
      "Schedule modifications (flexible hours, breaks)",
      "Telework / remote work arrangements",
      "Assistive technology (screen readers, magnification)",
      "Physical workspace modifications (ergonomic furniture, ramps)",
      "Policy modifications (leave, dress code, fragrance-free)",
      "Communication aids (CART services, sign language interpreters)",
      "Job restructuring (reassigning marginal functions)",
      "Service animals in the workplace",
      "Modified training materials and formats",
      "Environmental adjustments (lighting, noise, temperature)"
    ],
    "note": "Common categories derived from JAN SOAR database and published accommodation guides"
  },
  "disability_categories": {
    "total_disability_conditions_covered": 102,
    "all_conditions": [
      "Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)",
      "Addison's Disease",
      "Aging",
      "Allergies",
      "Multiple Chemical Sensitivity",
      "Electrical Sensitivity",
      "Fragrance Sensitivity",
      "Food Allergy",
      "Latex Allergy",
      "Alzheimer's Disease",
      "Amputation",
      "Hand Amputation",
      "Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)/Lou Gehrig's Disease",
      "Arthritis",
      "Ataxia",
      "Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)",
      "Autism Spectrum",
      "Back Impairment",
      "Bladder Impairment",
      "Sickle Cell Anemia",
      "Bleeding Disorder",
      "Body Odor",
      "Little Person",
      "Obesity",
      "Brain Injury",
      "Stroke",
      "Burn Injury",
      "Cancer",
      "Cataplexy",
      "Charcot-Marie-Tooth",
      "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis",
      "Chronic Pain",
      "Albinism",
      "Cumulative Trauma Conditions",
      "Diabetes",
      "Dystonia",
      "Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",
      "Epilepsy/Seizure Disorder",
      "Essential Tremors",
      "Fibromyalgia",
      "Gastrointestinal Disorders",
      "Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD, Acid Reflux, Heartburn)",
      "Graves' Disease",
      "Guillain Barre' Syndrome",
      "Migraines",
      "Hearing Impairment",
      "Deafness",
      "Heart Condition",
      "Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)",
      "Hepatitis",
      "Huntington's Disease",
      "Intellectual Disability",
      "Fetal Alcohol Syndrome",
      "Learning Disability",
      "Auditory Processing Disorder",
      "Leg Impairment",
      "Lupus",
      "Lyme Disease",
      "Marfan Syndrome",
      "Mental Health Conditions",
      "Anxiety Disorder",
      "Bipolar Disorder",
      "Depression",
      "Eating Disorders",
      "Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)",
      "Personality Disorder",
      "Phobias",
      "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)",
      "Schizophrenia",
      "Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)",
      "Tourette Syndrome",
      "Multiple Sclerosis",
      "Muscular Dystrophy",
      "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome",
      "Myasthenia Gravis",
      "Neurodiversity",
      "Cerebral Palsy",
      "Paraplegia",
      "Quadriplegia",
      "Parkinson's Disease",
      "Poliomyelitis (Polio)/Post Polio",
      "Pregnancy",
      "Raynaud's Disease",
      "Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD)",
      "Renal/Kidney Disease",
      "Endometriosis",
      "Respiratory Impairments",
      "Sarcoidosis",
      "Shingles",
      "Skin Conditions",
      "Sleep Disorder",
      "Stuttering",
      "Speech-Language Impairment",
      "Spina Bifida",
      "Substance Use Disorder",
      "Alcoholism",
      "Drug Addiction",
      "Thyroid Disorders",
      "Vertigo",
      "Blindness",
      "Low Vision",
      "Colorblind/Color Vision Deficiency"
    ],
    "by_category": {
      "physical_mobility": {
        "count": 29,
        "conditions": [
          "Amputation",
          "Arthritis",
          "Ataxia",
          "Back Impairment",
          "Burn Injury",
          "Cerebral Palsy",
          "Charcot-Marie-Tooth",
          "Chronic Pain",
          "Cumulative Trauma Conditions",
          "Dystonia",
          "Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome",
          "Essential Tremors",
          "Fibromyalgia",
          "Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD, Acid Reflux, Heartburn)",
          "Guillain Barre' Syndrome",
          "Hand Amputation",
          "Leg Impairment",
          "Little Person",
          "Marfan Syndrome",
          "Muscular Dystrophy",
          "Myasthenia Gravis",
          "Obesity",
          "Paraplegia",
          "Parkinson's Disease",
          "Poliomyelitis (Polio)/Post Polio",
          "Quadriplegia",
          "Raynaud's Disease",
          "Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD)",
          "Spina Bifida"
        ]
      },
      "sensory_communication": {
        "count": 10,
        "conditions": [
          "Albinism",
          "Auditory Processing Disorder",
          "Blindness",
          "Body Odor",
          "Colorblind/Color Vision Deficiency",
          "Deafness",
          "Hearing Impairment",
          "Low Vision",
          "Speech-Language Impairment",
          "Stuttering"
        ]
      },
      "cognitive_neurological": {
        "count": 12,
        "conditions": [
          "Alzheimer's Disease",
          "Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)",
          "Autism Spectrum",
          "Brain Injury",
          "Epilepsy/Seizure Disorder",
          "Fetal Alcohol Syndrome",
          "Huntington's Disease",
          "Intellectual Disability",
          "Learning Disability",
          "Multiple Sclerosis",
          "Neurodiversity",
          "Stroke"
        ]
      },
      "mental_health_behavioral": {
        "count": 15,
        "conditions": [
          "Alcoholism",
          "Anxiety Disorder",
          "Bipolar Disorder",
          "Depression",
          "Drug Addiction",
          "Eating Disorders",
          "Mental Health Conditions",
          "Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)",
          "Personality Disorder",
          "Phobias",
          "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)",
          "Schizophrenia",
          "Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)",
          "Substance Use Disorder",
          "Tourette Syndrome"
        ]
      },
      "chronic_medical": {
        "count": 35,
        "conditions": [
          "Addison's Disease",
          "Aging",
          "Allergies",
          "Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)/Lou Gehrig's Disease",
          "Bleeding Disorder",
          "Cancer",
          "Cataplexy",
          "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis",
          "Diabetes",
          "Electrical Sensitivity",
          "Endometriosis",
          "Food Allergy",
          "Fragrance Sensitivity",
          "Gastrointestinal Disorders",
          "Graves' Disease",
          "Heart Condition",
          "Hepatitis",
          "Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)",
          "Latex Allergy",
          "Lupus",
          "Lyme Disease",
          "Migraines",
          "Multiple Chemical Sensitivity",
          "Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome",
          "Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)",
          "Pregnancy",
          "Renal/Kidney Disease",
          "Respiratory Impairments",
          "Sarcoidosis",
          "Shingles",
          "Sickle Cell Anemia",
          "Skin Conditions",
          "Sleep Disorder",
          "Thyroid Disorders",
          "Vertigo"
        ]
      },
      "other": {
        "count": 1,
        "conditions": [
          "Bladder Impairment"
        ]
      }
    },
    "source_url": "https://askjan.org/a-to-z.cfm"
  },
  "jan_service_satisfaction": {
    "respondents": 3184,
    "pct_jan_understood_needs": 97,
    "pct_information_met_needs": 92,
    "pct_would_use_jan_again": 100
  },
  "survey_metadata": {
    "surveys_sent": 26028,
    "employer_responses": 5406,
    "survey_period_start": "January 1, 2019",
    "survey_period_end": "December 31, 2024",
    "description": "JAN employer survey on workplace accommodation costs and benefits"
  },
  "related_resources": {
    "external_disability_data_sources": [
      {
        "name": "American Community Survey",
        "url": "http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/"
      },
      {
        "name": "Current Population Survey",
        "url": "http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps.html"
      },
      {
        "name": "National Study of Long-Term Care Providers",
        "url": "http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsltcp/index.htm"
      },
      {
        "name": "National Health Interview Survey",
        "url": "https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/"
      },
      {
        "name": "Survey of Income and Program Participation",
        "url": "http://www.census.gov/sipp/"
      },
      {
        "name": "Office of Disability Employment Policy",
        "url": "https://www.dol.gov/odep/topics/DisabilityEmploymentStatistics.htm"
      },
      {
        "name": "U.S. Census Bureau",
        "url": "http://www.census.gov/"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bureau of Labor Statistics",
        "url": "http://www.bls.gov/"
      },
      {
        "name": "DisabilityStatistics.org",
        "url": "http://disabilitystatistics.org/"
      },
      {
        "name": "StatsRRTC",
        "url": "http://www.researchondisability.org/statsrrtc"
      }
    ],
    "jan_publications": [
      {
        "title": "For Employers",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/info-by-role.cfm#for-employers"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)/Lou Gehrig's Disease",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Amyotrophic-Lateral-Sclerosis-ALS-Lou-Gehrig-s-Disease.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Addison's Disease",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Addison-s-Disease.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Aging",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Aging.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Albinism",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Albinism.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Alcoholism",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Alcoholism.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Allergies",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Allergies.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Alzheimer's Disease",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Alzheimer-s-Disease.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Amputation",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Amputation.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Anxiety Disorder",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Anxiety-Disorder.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Arthritis",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Arthritis.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Ataxia",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Ataxia.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity-Disorder-AD-HD.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Auditory Processing Disorder",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Auditory-Processing-Disorder.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Autism Spectrum",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Autism-Spectrum.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Back Impairments",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Back-Impairment.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Bipolar Disorder",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Bipolar-Disorder.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Bladder Impairments",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Bladder-Impairment.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Bleeding Disorders",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Bleeding-Disorder.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Blindness",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Blind.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Body Odor",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Body-Odor.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Brain Injury",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Brain-Injury.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Burn Injuries",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Burn-Injury.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Cancer",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Cancer.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Cataplexy",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Cataplexy.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Cerebral Palsy",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Cerebral-Palsy.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Charcot-Marie-Tooth",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Charcot-Marie-Tooth.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome-Myalgic-Encephalomyelitis.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Chronic Pain",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Chronic-Pain.cfm"
      },
      {
        "title": "A to Z By Disability: Colorblindness/Color Vision Deficiency",
        "url": "https://askjan.org/disabilities/Colorblind-Color-Vision-Deficiency.cfm"
      }
    ]
  },
  "metadata": {
    "source_organization": "Job Accommodation Network (JAN)",
    "source_affiliation": "U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Disability Employment Policy",
    "primary_source_url": "https://askjan.org/topics/costs.cfm",
    "additional_source_urls": [
      "https://askjan.org/topics/disstats.cfm",
      "https://askjan.org/a-to-z.cfm",
      "https://askjan.org/soar.cfm",
      "https://askjan.org/publications/index.cfm"
    ],
    "report_last_updated": "September 17, 2025",
    "grant_number": "OD-000007-25A",
    "fetched_at": "2026-02-13T03:32:35.383930+00:00",
    "fetcher_script": "fetch_jan_data.py",
    "notes": [
      "All statistics are from JAN's employer survey conducted 2019-2024",
      "Survey respondents represent manufacturing, service, wholesale/retail, small businesses to Fortune 500",
      "Accommodation cost data based on 1,425 employers who shared cost information",
      "Effectiveness data based on 2,069 employer responses",
      "Disability category counts reflect conditions listed on JAN A-Z page",
      "Common accommodation categories derived from SOAR database categories"
    ]
  }
}