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README.md
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---
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tags:
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- renewable-energy
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- geospatial
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- satellite-imagery
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- site-suitability
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- olmoearth
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- sentinel-2
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- foundation-model
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- embeddings
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license: mit
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task_categories:
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- tabular-classification
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language:
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- en
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size_categories:
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- 10K<n<100K
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---
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# O3 EartH Dataset
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Geospatial site suitability dataset with OlmoEarth foundation model embeddings for renewable energy infrastructure assessment.
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**Key result:** OlmoEarth embeddings achieve AUC 0.867 under spatial cross-validation (leave-one-country-out).
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## Files
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| File | Description |
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|------|-------------|
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| suitability_dataset_v2_shuffled.parquet | 24,866 labeled samples (lat, lon, energy_type, label, country) |
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| all_energy_locations.parquet | 321,614 global energy plant locations from EIA + OSM |
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| embeddings/embeddings.npy | 8,000 OlmoEarth 768-dim embeddings |
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| embeddings/embeddings_meta.csv | Metadata for each embedding |
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| models/xgb_*.json | Trained XGBoost classifiers per energy type |
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| models/scaler_*.pkl | StandardScaler for each energy type |
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## How Embeddings Were Extracted
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Sentinel-2 L2A (12 bands, 10m resolution) patches are passed through frozen OlmoEarth BASE encoder (97M params), then mean-pooled to produce a 768-dimensional landscape fingerprint per location.
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- Source imagery: Microsoft Planetary Computer
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- Model: allenai/olmoearth_pretrain (OLMOEARTH_V1_BASE)
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- Patch size: 128x128 pixels (~1.28km)
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- Time range: 2022-2023, max 30% cloud cover
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## Coverage
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- 100+ countries across 6 continents
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- 4 energy types: solar (10K), wind (10K), hydro (4K), geothermal (866)
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- Balanced positive (existing sites) and negative (random locations) samples
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## Results
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| Method | AUC |
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|--------|-----|
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| Geography only (lat/lon) | 0.579 |
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| OlmoEarth embeddings | 0.902 |
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| Spatial CV (leave-one-country-out) | 0.867 |
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## Citation
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Qi, Ziming. "O3 EartH: Geospatial Site Suitability Assessment Using Foundation Model Embeddings." 2026. Northeastern University.
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## Links
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- GitHub: https://github.com/2imi9/O3earth
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- OlmoEarth: https://github.com/allenai/olmoearth_pretrain
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